Colombia activates health response as wildfires worsen air quality

Colombia's Ministry of Health activated a sanitary response on August 21, 2026, to address the health impacts of forest fires and deteriorating air quality, as the Ideam reported high temperatures and reduced rainfall across several regions Source: portafolioco. The ministry is reinforcing surveillance, prevention, care, and risk communication strategies to mitigate the effects of smoke exposure on public health Source: infobae. The most vulnerable groups include children, the elderly, pregnant women, and people with chronic respiratory or cardiovascular conditions Source: elcolombiano.

Health risks

Smoke from wildfires increases particulate matter in the air, which can aggravate conditions like asthma and COPD Source: portafolioco. The ministry recommends avoiding intense outdoor physical activity, staying indoors when possible, and using masks in affected areas Source: portafolioco. It also warns of heat stroke risks, advising immediate medical attention for symptoms like confusion, dizziness, or a body temperature above 39°C Source: infobae.

Surveillance and coordination

The ministry is integrating epidemiological, territorial, and air quality data through systems like SARA, SIVIGILA, and VIGIFRA to identify exposed populations and anticipate care needs Source: elcolombiano. These efforts align with the Joint External Circular 023 of July 10, 2026, which provides guidance for the dry season and the 2026-2027 El Niño phenomenon Source: infobae. Coordination involves health secretariats, EPS, IPS, and emergency regulation centers Source: elcolombiano.

Environmental measures

On the same day, the Ministry of Environment suspended open controlled burns in rural areas through Resolution 1070, aiming to prevent further fires Source: infobae. The measure applies to agricultural soil preparation, mining, and residue management, with exceptions allowed under technical justification Source: infobae. As of August 15, 539 municipalities were on alert for fires, with 235 on red alert Source: infobae. The Ungrd reported 600 forest fires affecting 14,872 hectares Source: infobae. The suspension will remain until the Ideam declares the end of El Niño conditions Source: infobae.